COMPARING THE EFFECT OF SELF-EFFICACY BELIEFS ON ENGLISH LEARNING WITHIN METHODOLOGICAL PLURALISM

This study attempts to determine the effect of self-efficacy beliefs on English preparatory students’ existing capacities via the use of quantitative and qualitative methods within methodological pluralism (a combination of meta-analysis, descriptive survey, and qualitative document analysis plus action research). In the quantitative phase of the research, both meta-analytic method and descriptive method were used. In the meta analytic method, the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis statistical program was used to compute the effect size values of the included studies (N= 12) with the pretest-posttest control group model and carried out between 2000 and 2017 in national and international level. In the descriptive research of the study, the English Self Efficacy Beliefs Scale was used on English preparatory students (N= 117) to determine the effect of self-efficacy beliefs on their language skills. In the qualitative part of the study, data collected both through document analysis (N=7) from the included studies and through semi-structured interviews applied to English preparatory students (N= 58) were analysed via the Maxqda 11 program. The quantitative and quantitative results of the study are consistent and suggest that while self-efficacy beliefs on English learning is high, in terms of using the four skills, listening and speaking are the ones that the participants exhibit the weakest self- efficacy beliefs respectively.  Article visualizations

The Effects of Different Applications on Creativity Regarding Academic Achievement: A Meta-Analysis

In this study, through a meta-analysis of 20 studies, it is aimed to compare the effectiveness of various forms of learning methods including creativity based learning, problem based learning, and differentiated instruction on creativity in terms of the academic achievement of students and to find out other study characteristics, related to the effectiveness of creativity. Studies including the pretest-posttest control group model and collected from national and international arena between the years 2000 to 2015 were chosen. In this context, 20 studies that met inclusion criteria were analyzed under three themes: creativity based learning, problem based learning, and differentiated instruction by using Comprehensive Meta- Analysis and the MetaWin statistical program. In addition, other studies having effectiveness on creativity were categorized as “method” and “approach” and their effect sizes were calculated separately. The effect size values of academic achievement scores in each theme were found to be respectively 0.850, 1.560, and 0.729 which were significant and at a large level in the first two themes; at a medium level in the third theme according to the classification of Thalheimer and Cook. The results indicated that different applications had positive effects on academic achievement

The Effect of Mastery Learning Model with Reflective Thinking Activities on Medical Students’ Academic Achievement: An Experimental Study

This study aimed to determine the effect of mastery learning model supported with reflective thinking activities on the fifth grade medical students' academic achievement. Mixed methods approach was applied in two samples (n = 64 and n = 6). Quantitative part of the study was based on a pre-test-post-test control group design with an experiment group (32 students) and a control group (32 students) selected among the fifth grade students starting their internship training in Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology Department. Afterwards the qualitative data were collected through semi-structured interviews with six students, selected from the experimental group and the faculty member conducting the study. Findings from the quantitative part indicated that there was a significant difference between post- tests scores of the experiment and control groups favoring the experiment group [t(62)= -2,815; p=.007]. Quantitative results revealed positive attitudes toward the applied model in terms of increasing achievement

Comparing Effects of Different Applications on Pre-Service Teachers: A Meta–Analysis

This study attempts to reveal whether different applications have effects on retention and attitude of pre-service teachers studying in various branches in Turkey through meta- analysis. Studies carried out between 2005 and 2015 in national and international area, 324 (218 articles, 106 theses) were chosen. However, 23 studies (9 retention and 14 attitude) that met inclusion criteria were analyzed by using the MetaWin program. The effect sizes of different applications on retention and attitude were calculated. In terms of retention scores, while Learning Together Technique had the highest effect size (d= 2,0606 -a huge level-), the Jigsaw Technique had the lowest one (d= 0,5461-a medium level-). In terms of attitude scores, while Transformative Learning Theory had the highest effect size (d= 1,4760–a huge level-), Problem Based Learning had the lowest one (d= 0,0212- negligible) among the applications included in the study according to the classification of Thalheimer and Cook

Analysis of High School German Textbooks through Rasch Measurement Model

The purpose of the present study is to analyze German teacher trainers’ views on high school German textbooks through the Rasch measurement model. A survey research design was employed and study group consisted of a total of 21 teacher trainers, three from each region and selected randomly from provinces which are located in seven regions and categorized as developed, moderately developed, and least developed. The study Data were collected through a questionnaire developed by the researchers in the light of experts’ views. When content validity indices (CVIs) and content validity ratios (CVRs) of the questionnaire items were calculated, the result (CVI>CVR/0.82>0.56) indicated the questionnaire to be reliable. Three facets of the study according to the Rasch measurement model were Judges (21 German teacher trainers), items related to high school German textbooks (11 items) and German textbooks (A1.1, A1.2, A2.1, A2.2) for 9th, 10th, 11th, and 12th grades. According to the Rasch analysis results, while the textbook coded A1.1 has the highest quality, the textbook coded A2.2has the poorest quality. In terms of items, the most difficult item was 10 while the easiest item was 1, and for judges, J7 had the most severe while J9 had the most lenient behavior. In the light of the results, more rigorous and detailed studies are suggested to improve the quality of textbooks

Kaynaştırma Uygulamalarının Öğrenme Çıktılarına Etkililiğinin Meta-Analitik Değerlendirilmesi

In order to fulfill the principle of equality of educational opportunity, it is necessary to prioritize the education of individuals with special needs in the society and to provide special education services to these individuals. Inclusion is the practice of integrating individuals with special educational needs (IwSEN) with individuals with typically developing (IwTD) in the general education environment. In this study, it is aimed to synthesize recent research quantitatively in order to determine the effectiveness of inclusion practices on learning outcomes through meta-analysis. In this regard, pretest-posttest control group-based studies conducted between 2000-2019 both nationally and internationally were scanned from national and international databases in line with the inclusion criteria. This study was conducted under the guidelines of PRISMA declaration. As a result of the search process, 36 studies (14 PhD dissertations, 10 master's thesis, 11 articles and 1 conference paper) complying with the inclusion criteria and in which semi-experimental and experimental designs were applied and comparisons between the groups were made were selected out of 62 studies. The effect size, heterogeneity test, intermediate variable analyzes and publication bias analyzes of the studies were performed using the Comprehensive Meta- Analysis program (CMA 3.0). The findings were handled according to random effects model and interpreted according to Cohen's classification. The effectiveness of inclusion practices was found to be large effect size (g= 1.328). In addition, the effect sizes of the studies included in the study were calculated according to the variables of group level (teacher, student) and school level. In terms of the group level, the effectiveness of applications in both teachers and students group was found at “large effect size” level. In terms of the school level, while the “moderate effect size” was seen at higher education, all other groups had “large effect size”. Some insights can be obtained from the results of this study, which revealed that the effectiveness of inclusion practices is at a large effect level for students and teachers and moderate effect level for preservice teachers.Eğitimde fırsat eşitliği ilkesini yerine getirmek için toplumda özel gereksinimli bireylerin eğitimlerinin ön plana alınması ve bu bireylere özel eğitim hizmetleri sunulması gereklidir. Kaynaştırma uygulamaları özel gereksinimli (ÖG) öğrencilerin tipik gelişim özelliği gösteren (TGÖG) akranlarıyla birlikte aynı ortamda eğitimlerini sürdürmelerini sağlamaktadır. Bu araştırmada kaynaştırma uygulamalarının etkililiğini belirlemek amacıyla yakın zamanda yapılan araştırmaların meta-analiz yoluyla nicel sentezlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu bağlamda 2000-2019 yılları arasında yapılan, deneysel/yarı deneysel desene dayalı çalışmalar dâhil edilme ölçütleri doğrultusunda ulusal ve uluslararası veri tabanlarından taranmıştır. Bu çalışma, PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols) rehberliğinde yapılmıştır. Literatür taraması sonucunda yarı deneysel ve deneysel desenlerin uygulandığı ve gruplar arasında karşılaştırmaların yapıldığı 62 çalışmaya ulaşılmıştır. Ancak dâhil edilme ölçütlerine uygunluk gösteren 36 çalışma (14 doktora tezi, 10 yüksek lisans tezi, 11 makale ve 1 konferans bildirisi) bu çalışma kapsamında değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmaların etki büyüklüğü, heterojenlik testi, ara değişken analizleri ve yayım yanlılığı analizleri Comprehensive Meta- Analysis programı (CMA 3.0) kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Bulgular rastgele etkiler modeline göre ele alınmış ve Cohen'in ölçütlerine göre yorumlanmıştır. Kaynaştırma uygulamalarının etkililiği “büyük etki büyüklüğü” düzeyinde bulunmuştur (g= 1.328). Ayrıca, araştırmaya dâhil edilen çalışmaların etki büyüklükleri uygulama yapılan grup (öğretmen, öğrenci) ve okul kademe değişkenlerine göre de hesaplanmıştır. Grup düzeyleri açısından hem öğretmenler hem öğrenciler grubunda uygulamaların etkililiği “büyük etki büyüklüğü” düzeyinde bulunmuştur. Okul düzeyleri açısından yükseköğretim düzeyinde “orta etki büyüklüğü” görülürken, diğer tüm grupların “büyük etki büyüklüğüne” sahip olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. Kaynaştırma uygulamalarının etkililiğinin öğrenciler ve öğretmenler açısından büyük etki düzeyinde, öğretmen adayları açısından orta etki düzeyinde olduğunu ortaya çıkaran bu çalışmanın sonuçlarından birtakım çıkarımlar sağlanabilir